Written Evidence

With the AI Opportunities Action Plan driving economy-wide AI adoption, low-cost and increasingly competitive Chinese AI models have likely become embedded across the UK’s technology stack. This presents both data security and strategic dependency risks.

Report

Beijing is building political control into generative AI systems through an increasingly comprehensive governance mechanism, which enables information control to operate at the technical layer even without deliberate information operations.

Founding Essay

As one of the most consequential strategic actors of our time, China poses increasingly complex challenges across multiple fronts. Europe must develop its own strategic understanding of China.

Analysis

The People’s Republic of China (PRC) currently leads in the application of quantum technologies, especially secure communications network infrastructure, while the United States remains stronger in foundational research breakthroughs.

Analysis

Over two decades after Beijing first raised concerns over maritime chokepoint vulnerability, China’s efforts to mitigate the Malacca dilemma are now being tested in the Hormuz crisis.

Analysis

The People’s Republic of China (PRC) closely studies the Russia–Ukraine conflict, viewing Ukraine’s innovative use of unmanned surface vehicles (USVs) as a transformative model for future naval warfare and asymmetric operations.

Analysis

Tibet’s Yarlung Tsangpo hydropower project, which broke ground in July, is set to become the world’s largest hydropower installation.